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CCSR 2001 Annual Report
Table of Contents
Stigma Related Research Activities
Pilot status
Grant Submissions and Awards
Presentations
Publications
Core Concept Workshops
Other Faculty Development Efforts
Stigma Related Research Activities
Pat Corrigan (PI) oversees the project. He has been instrumental in steering the group and presided over most meetings of the CCSR research team. He is involved with several of the CCSR pilots. He is also currently running a study to examine stereotype threat and severe mental illness. Additionally, he is involved in research projects examining levels of contact disconfirmation, stereotypes in children, cues that signal stereotype and path analysis of attribution models of stigma.
Ken Rasinski (co-PI) has been involved in survey development for the pilot study examining attitudes toward coercive treatment. Additionally, he has designed a partial pretest of draft scale items to measure stigma associated with drug abuse. He also hosts CCSR meetings and events in Pat Corrigan's absence.
Galen Bodenhausen has been involved in 1) a study on the relationship between essentialist beliefs and self-stigma in gay men and lesbians, 2) studies on the effectiveness of "reappropriating" formerly derogatory group labels (e.g., "queer") as a strategy for confronting stigma, 3) studies on the effects of affective state on categorizing/stigmatizing outgroup members, and 4) studies on the use (or disuse) of group stereotypes in making inductive predictions about stigmatized individuals.
Tanya Luhrmann has been involved in fieldwork on mentally ill consumer "culture." This is an ongoing participant observation with people suffering from severe mental illness who live in outpatient settings and create social ties within a client culture.
Len Newman recently completed an experimental study of the relationship between ambivalence and automatic attitude activation. Attitudinal ambivalence is a central aspect of the recently submitted grant proposal to NIMH by CCSR faculty (see below.) These data will be presented at future meetings of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology.
Pat Hanrahan and Dan Luchins have been interested in investigating attitudes toward mandatory treatment. Access to mandated treatment can be influenced by "reverse stigma" when clinicians are reluctant to mandate beneficial services if it means over-riding client autonomy. A recently completed survey concerning access to representative payee services in Illinois is under review with Psychiatric Services.
Amy Watson has been supervising data collection for two research projects related to stigma. The Senior Empowerment Project is a study of older adults use of mental health services and the role of stigma as a barrier to access. Stereotype Threat and Severe Mental Illness is a study of the impact of stereotype threat on cognitive performance in individuals with severe mental illness. She continues to work on her dissertation research looking at public attitudes toward individuals with mental illness and resulting behaviors. Additionally, she is developing a study of police officer attitudes towards citizens with mental illness.
Beth Angell has been analyzing and writing up data from two studies: one examines barriers to social relationships among persons with long-term, serious mental illness; the other examines mental health providers' responses to treatment mandates in their treatment of mentally ill clients. In summer 2001 she will begin qualitative data collection on a pilot study that examines strategies of assertive community treatment providers aimed toward encouraging client compliance with various treatment provisions.
Paul Holmes is investigating the interference of stigma-related content on effortful processing of unrelated material. He has searched the literature and is preparing software for the study. He is also developing a Sense of Self measure, and will collect pilot data on the measure in summer, 2001.
Please note the activities of other CCSR members not specifically mentioned here is subsequently evidenced in the list of presentations and publications.
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Pilot status
There were five proposed pilots for the RISP. Three of the pilots have not yet begun (please recall that some do not begin for several years.)
Mark Heyrman and Amy Watson have been developing the pilot study of judges attitudes toward offenders with mental illness. To date, they have completed a literature review and started conceptualizing the study.
Dan Luchins, Pat Hanrahan, Ken Rasinski and Pat Corrigan are working on the pilot protocol to examine attitudes toward mandated treatment. Currently they are working on creating the Survey of Involuntary Treatment Attitudes and Experiences. Beth Angell assisted with survey design.
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Grant Submissions and Awards
Pat Corrigan (PI), Galen Bodenhausen, Len Newman, Amy Watson, and Fred Markowitz have been involved in an RO1 grant proposal submitted to study mental illness stigma and employers/landlords.
Pat Corrigan has additionally submitted a proposal to NARSAD to investigate self-stigma. He is involved in a grant proposal to the Chinese government on stigma and medication. And Pat Corrigan is also involved in a grant proposal to the Swiss national foundation on stigma.
Ken Rasinski has a $100,000 award pending from Center For Substance Abuse Treatment to study public stigma of drug abuse.
Beth Angell received a NARSAD Young Investigator Award, 7/01-6/03.
Fred Markowitz received a 2000-2001 Faculty Fellowship, Social Science Research Institute, Northern Illinois University.
Pat Hanrahan and Dan Luchins have received the following:
Foundations to Employment, Department of Labor Capacity Building Grant, $385,123, to Mayor's Office of Workforce Development (MOWD).
They also have the following grant pending:
Improving Service Integration for Mentally ill Detainees Through Technology, Submitted to: National Institute for Justice, $300,000 for Illinois Department of Human Services the Office of Mental Health, of which $100,000 is for evaluation by Drs. Luchins and Hanrahan.
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Presentations
Angell, B. (2001, January). Outpatient commitment as mandated system compliance. Paper presented at the Society for Social Work and Research, Atlanta, GA.
Angell, B. (2001, February). Mental health providers' perceptions of and responses to mandated outpatient treatment. Paper presented at the CCSR monthly meeting.
Bodenhausen, G. (2001, April). Role of essentialist beliefs in coping with social stigma. Paper presented at the CCSR meeting, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.
Corrigan, P.W. (2000, November). Stigma and labeling for early psychosis. Presented at NIMH meeting on early psychosis, Washington, DC.
Corrigan, P.W. (February, 2001). The Stigma of Mental Illness. Presented at Dartmouth University, Lebanon, NH.
Corrigan, P.W. (2001, March). B.F. Skinner does empowerment. Presented at the meeting of The State of Virginia Mental Health System, Williamsburg, VA.
Corrigan, P.W. (2001, March). Changing the stigma of mental illness. Presented at the The First Annual SAMHSA Conference on stigma, Baltimore, MD.
Corrigan, P.W. (2001, May). The stigma of mental illness. Presented at Grand Rounds, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Corrigan, P.W. (2001, May). Don't call me nuts: Coping with the stigma of serious mental illness. Keynote speaker, 8th Annual STEP symposium, Chapel Hill, NC.
Hanrahan, P., Luchins, D., Cloninger, L., & Swartz, J. (2001). Medicaid Eligibility: Former Supplemental Security Income (SSI) recipients with Drug Abuse and Alcoholism (DA&A) Disability. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychiatric Association, New Orleans, LA.
Markowitz, F. (2000, November). Psychiatric Hospital Capacity, Crime, and Arrest Rates, 1960-1990. Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Society of Criminology. San Francisco, CA.
Markowitz, F. (2001, May). Recent Sociological Research on Stigma and Mental Illness. Paper presented at the Mental Health Association in Illinois Twelfth Annual Spring Luncheon, Chicago, IL.
Watson, A. (2001, May). Two Mental Illness Stigmas: Personal Responsibility and Dangerousness. Paper presented at the 50th National Conference on Mental Health Statistics, Washington, DC.
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Publications
Angell, B., & Test, M.A. (forthcoming). The relationship of clinical factors and environmental opportunities to social functioning in young adults with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin.
Angell, B. (under review). Social relationships as experienced by consumers in assertive community treatment.
Bodenhausen, G. V., & Moreno, K. N. (2000). How do I feel about them? The role of affective reactions in intergroup perception. In H. Bless & J. P. Forgas (Eds.), The message within: Subjective experience in social cognition and behavior (pp. 283-303). Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press.
Bodenhausen, G. V., Mussweiler, T., Gabriel, S., & Moreno, K. (2001). Affective influences on stereotyping and intergroup relations. In J. P. Forgas (Ed.), Handbook of affect and social cognition. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Corrigan, P.W. Testing social psychological models of mental illness
stigma: The Prairie State Stigma Studies. Manuscript submitted to Psychiatric Rehabilitation Skills.
Corrigan, P.W., Backs-Edwards, A., Green, A., Lickey-Diwan, S., & Penn, D. (2001). Prejudice, social distance, and familiarity with mental illness. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 27, 219-225.
Corrigan, P.W., Markowitz, F., Watson, A., Rowan, D., & Kubiak, M.A.
Two models that explain the public's discrimination of people with mental illness. Manuscript submitted to Journal of Health and Social Behavior.
Corrigan, P.W., Rowan, D., Green, A., Lundin, R., River, P., Uphoff-
Wasowski, K., White, K., & Kubiak, M.A. Challenging two mental illness stigmas: Personal responsibility and dangerousness. Manuscript submitted to Schizophrenia Bulletin.
Corrigan, P.W., Watson, A.C. & Ottati, V. From whence comes mental
illness stigma? Manuscript submitted to Psychological Bulletin.
Corrigan, P.W., & Watson, A.C. (in press). The paradox of self-stigma and mental illness. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice.
Holmes, E. P., & River, P. Private Experience In Severe Mental Illness: The Function of Verbal Behavior. Manuscript submitted to Psychiatry.
Macrae, C. N., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2001). Social cognition: Categorical person perception. British Journal of Psychology, 92, 239-255.
Markowitz, F. (2001). Modeling Processes in Recovery From Mental Illness: An Analysis of The Relationships Between Symptoms, Life Satisfaction, and Self-Concept. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 42, 64-79.
Newman, L. (2001). What is "social cognition?" Four approaches and their implications for schozophrenia research. In P. Corrigan & D. Penn (Eds.), Social cognition and schizophrenia (pp. 41-72). Washington, DC: APA Books.
Newman, L. (in press). Coping and defense: No clear distinction. American Psychologist (comment.)
Rasinski, K. A., Timberlake, J. M, & Lock, E. D. (2000). Public support for increased spending on the drug problem in America is not a simple matter. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 12, 431-440.
Schumacher, M., Corrigan, P.W. & DeJong, T. Examining cues that signal mental illness stigma. Manuscript submitted to Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology.
Timberlake, J. M., Rasinski, K.A., & Lock, E.D. (2001). Effects of Conservative Sociopolitical Attitudes on Public Support for Drug Rehabilitation Spending. Social Science Quarterly, 82, 184-196
Watson, A., Hanrahan, P., Luchins, D., & Lurigio, A. (2001). Mental health courts and the complex issue of mentally ill offenders. Psychiatric Services, 52, 477-481.
Watson, A., Hanrahan, P., Luchins, D., & Lurigio, A. (in press). Paths to Jail among mentally ill persons: Service needs and service characteristics. Psychiatric Annals.
Watson, A., Luchins, D., Hanrahan, P., Heyrman, M., & Lurigio, A. (2000). Mental Health Court: Promises and limitations. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and Law, 28, 476-482.
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Core Concept Workshops
The CCSR has monthly meetings which include general administrivia and in which stigma research is discussed. Typical meetings usually include a focused discussion on one aspect of pilot development (e.g. receiving the feedback of the CCSR on a proposed survey instrument.) Each meeting also contains a presentation by one of the CCSR faculty in which he/she discusses his current research work and it's relevance to the CCSR. Following is a list of presentations for the year to date.
- January: Fred Markowitz presented "Sociological Approaches to Stigma."
- February: Beth Angell presented "Mental health providers' perceptions of and responses to mandated outpatient treatment."
- March: Len Newman presented "A social-cognitive model of defensive projection: Recent findings and applications to stigma research."
- April: Galen Bodenhausen presented "The Role of Subjective Essentialism in Coping with Stigma."
- May: Art Lurigio presented "The Mentally Ill in the Criminal Justice System: A Review of Causes and Solutions."
- June: Ken Rasinski presented "Public Stigma About Drug Abuse."
Additionally the CCSR has brought in experts from the field of social psychology for seminars considering current trends in stigma research. Guests to date include Jennifer Eberhardt, Jennifer Crocker, Margo Monteith, and Bruce Link. John Monahan, Susan Fiske, Bernard Weiner, and David Penn will be visiting the group before the close of the calendar year. The event consists of a presentation by the guest, followed by structured discussion of current research. Time slots are also available for small group meetings with the guest to discuss individual ideas.
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Other Faculty Development Efforts:
Limited funding from the RISP has been made available to junior faculty and post-doctoral students who have common interests with the CCSR. Application is made to the senior members of the CCSR and are evaluated as received.
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Publications